Internet History

Introduction to the World Wide Web Eddy Purwanto and Team Sub Bag Science and Technology Information Network, JIIPP
This document contains various explanations about the World Wide Web starting from an understanding of the internet, the history of how the beginning of the discovery of the World Wide Web as well as various terms in the internet as well as the elements contained in the Web Site.
A. Internet 1. Understanding the Internet 2. Internet History 3. Internet Benefits B. Web Site or the Site 1. Understanding Web Site or the Site 2. Elements of the Site or Web Site 3. Web Site or the Site Maintenance A. Internet
Internet 1.Pengertian The Internet can be interpreted as broad and large computer networks worldwide, which connects computer users from one country to another around the world, which includes a variety of information resources ranging from a static to a dynamic and interactive. 2. Internet History Here's the history of the emergence and development of internet. History of the Internet began in 1969 when the U.S. Defense Department, U.S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) has decided to conduct research on how to connect a computer to form an organic network. This research program known as ARPANET. In 1970, already more than 10 computers are successfully connected to one another so that they can communicate with each other and form a network. In 1972, Roy Tomlinson managed to complete the e-mail program he created a year ago for the ARPANET. E-mail program is so easy that immediately became popular. In the same year, @ icon is also introduced as an important symbol that shows the "at" or "on". In 1973, ARPANET computer network were developed outside the United States. Computer University College in London was the first computer that is outside the United States who are members of the ARPAnet network. In the same year, two computer experts that Vinton Cerf and Bob Kahn presented a bigger idea, which became the forerunner to the Internet thinking. This idea was presented for the first time at the University of Sussex. The next is a historic day on March 26, 1976, when the Queen of England managed to send an e-mail from the Royal Signals and Radar Establishment at Malvern. A year later, already more than 100 computers on ARPANET merged to form a network or networks. In 1979, Tom Truscott, Jim Ellis and Steve Bellovin, creating the first-named newsgroups USENET. In 1981 France Telecom creates a buzz by launching the first television telephone, which people can call each other while dealing with a video link. Because the computers that form the network is becoming more and more, we need a formal protocol that is recognized by all networks. In 1982 formed or TCP Transmission Control Protocol and Internet Protocol or IP as we know it all. Meanwhile in Europe appear counter computer network known as Eunet, which provides computer network services in countries of Dutch, British, Danish and Swedish. Eunet network provides e-mail and USENET newsgroups. For a uniform addresses in the existing computer network, then in 1984 introduced the system of domain names, which we now know with the DNS or Domain Name System. Computers that are connected with the existing network has more than 1000 computers. In 1987 the number of computers that are connected to the network soared 10-fold to 10 000 more. 1988, Oikarinen of Finland's Jarko find and simultaneously introduce an IRC or Internet Relay Chat. A year later, the number of interconnected computers soared 10-fold return in a year. No fewer than 100,000 computers are now forming a network. Year 1990 is the year's most historic, when Tim Berners Lee find a program editor and browser you can surf from one computer to another computer, which form a network. This is the program called www, or the worl Wide Web. Year 1992, computers that are connected to each other to form a network already exceeds a million computers, and in the same year appeared the term surfing the internet. In 1994, the website has grown into a 3000 page address, and for the first time virtual-shopping or e-retail appear on the Internet. The world changed. In the same year Yahoo! Established, which is also at the same time the birth of Netscape Navigator 1.0. 3. Internet Benefits In general there are many benefits that can be obtained if the person has access to the Internet. Here's some of what is available on the internet: 1. Information for private life: health, recreation, hobbies, personal development, spiritual, social. 2. Information for professional life / work: science, technology, trade, stocks, commodities, business news, professional associations, business associations, various communication forums. One of the most interesting thing is that membership of the Internet knows no national borders, race, economic class, ideology or other factors that normally inhibits the exchange of ideas.The Internet is a world community that is very democratic and have a code of ethics which all members are respected. Internet Benefits derived primarily through cooperation between individuals or groups regardless the distance and time limits. To further enhance quality human resources in Indonesia, it's time Indonesian professionals utilize the internet network and become part of the world's information society. B. Web Site or the Site 1.Pengertian Web Site or the Site Sites can be interpreted as a collection of pages that are used to display information, motion pictures, sound, and or a combination of everything good that is static or dynamic that formed a series of interconnected buildings which are connected with each of these links. 2. Elements of the Site or Web Site To build the site needed some elements that must exist so that sites can be carried out smoothly and as expected. Elements that must exist within the site include: a. Domain Name. Domain name or domain name is usually called the permanent address on the world wide web site that is used to identify a site or in other words the domain name is the address used to find our site on the internet. The term commonly used is the URL. Example of a URL is http://www.yahoo.com--dapat also without the www - There are many kinds of domain names we can choose according to desire. Here are some domain names are often used and available on the internet:
    1. Generic Domains Domain is a name that ends with. Com. Net. Org. Edu. Mil or. Gov. Domain type is often called top-level domains and domains is not affiliated by country, so anyone can register. Ø.com: a top-level domain dedicated to the needs of "commercial". Ø.edu: domain is devoted to the needs of education (education) Ø.gov: domain is for government (government) Ø.mil: is the domain for the needs of the armed forces (military) Ø.org: domain for non-profit organization or institution (Organization).
    2. Country-Specific Domains Domain that is associated with two-letter extension, and often also called second-level domains, like. Id (Indonesia). Au (Australia),. Jp (Japan), and others. This domain has been registered and operated dimasing countries. In Indonesia, these domains ending in. Co.id,. Ac.id,. Go.id,. Mil.id,. Or.id, and the recently added by war.net.id,. Miles . id, and web.id. The use of each of the different endings depending on the user and pengunaannya, among others: Ø.co.id: For Business Entities that have a legitimate legal entity Ø.ac.id: For Educational Institutions Ø.go.id: Special for the Republic of Indonesia Government Institutions Ø.mil.id: Especially for Military Institutions of the Republic of Indonesia Ø.or.id: For all kinds of organizations yand not included in the category "ac.id", "co.id", "go.id", "mil.id" and other Ø.war.net.id: for the industry of internet cafes in Indonesia Ø.sch.id: specifically for educational institutions which provide education such as elementary, junior high or high school and Ø.web.id: Intended for business entities, organizations or individuals who perform activities in the worl Wide Web. The domain name of each site in the world do not have the same so that no single site that will be found mixed up or confused the name of their site pages. To obtain a domain rental done, usually within a certain term (annual). b. Hosting Hosting can be interpreted as contained in the hard disk space to store various data, files, images etc. to be displayed on the site. The amount of data that can be added depending on the size of hosting a rented / owned, the greater the greater the hosting of data that can be entered and displayed on the site. Hosting is also obtained by renting. The amount of disk space hosting determined by the size of MB (Mega Bytes) or GB (Giga Byte). Length of tenancy hosting calculated average per year.Rental hosting done from tenant companies web hosting that are commonly found in Indonesia and Overseas. c. Scripts / Language Program Is the language used to translate each command in the site when accessed. Determine the types of scripts is very static, dynamic or interactive a site. Increasingly used in many different scripts that you will see their sites more dynamic and interactive as well as look good. Good site can be seen by visitors as well as frequency response requests. Various scripts this time has come to support the quality of the site. Kind of a lot of scripts used by designers such as HTML, ASP, PHP, JSP, Java Scripts, Java applets, etc.. The basic language used by each site is ASP and HTML while the other is a language that acts as a regulator of supporting dynamic and interactive sites. Scripts ASP, PHP, JSP or others can make their own, can also be purchased from the vendors scripts that normally are outside the city. Scripts average price is very expensive because it's hard to make, usually in the tens of millions. Scripts are typically used to build a portal of news, articles, discussion forums, guest books, members of the organization, email, mailing lists etc. that require an update every time. d. Web Design After performing the domain and hosting and leasing mastery scripts, the most important element of the site and the main design. Web design will determine the quality and beauty of the site. Design is very influential to the assessment of whether a visitor would be nice web site.To create a website can usually be done by yourself or hire a web designer. Currently very many web designers services, especially in big cities. Please note that the quality of the site is largely determined by the quality designers. More and more web designers mastery of a variety of programs / software support site development will produce more high quality sites, and vice versa. Services are web designers who generally require the highest cost of all site development costs and all that depends on the quality designers.
e. Publication The existence of the site is useless built without a visit or known by the public or visitors internet. Because the site is effective or not depends on the size of incoming visitors and comments. To introduce the site to the public require what is called a publication or promotion.Publication sites in the community can be done in various ways such as by-Pamphlets contain Pamphlets contain, flyers, billboards, etc. but this way it can be said is still less effective and very limited. way that usually do and most effective with unlimited space or time is a direct publication on the internet through a search engine search engines (search engines, like Yahoo, Google, Search Indonesia, etc.) How to publications in which search engines are free and some are paid. That is free is usually limited and long enough to get in and recognizable in popular search engines like Yahoo or Google. Publications is an effective way to pay, despite having a little issue but quickly entered the site search engine and is known by visitors. 3. Web Site or the Site Maintenance To support the continuation of the site maintenance is required every time the desired result such as the addition of information, news, articles, links, images, or others. Without good maintenance of the site will seem boring or monotonous too will soon be left visitors. Site maintenance can be done per specified period such as every day, every week or every month on a regular basis or just a periodic basis depending on need (not routine). Routine maintenance is typically used by news websites, articles provider, organization or government agency. Meanwhile, periodic maintenance is usually for personal sites, sales / e-commerce, and others.